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Turborepo Caching

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Configure Turborepo for efficient monorepo builds with local and remote caching. Use when setting up Turborepo, optimizing build pipelines, or implementing distributed caching.

Originally by wshobson · MIT

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npx agentalley add turborepo-caching

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Configure Turborepo for efficient monorepo builds with local and remote caching. Use when setting up Turborepo, optimizing build pipelines, or implementing distributed caching.

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turborepo-caching/SKILL.md371 lines7.9 KBRawView on GitHub
Frontmatter — 2 properties
nameturborepo-caching
descriptionConfigure Turborepo for efficient monorepo builds with local and remote caching. Use when setting up Turborepo, optimizing build pipelines, or implementing distributed caching.
1---
2name: turborepo-caching
3description: Configure Turborepo for efficient monorepo builds with local and remote caching. Use when setting up Turborepo, optimizing build pipelines, or implementing distributed caching.
4---A5 — No allowed-tools declared — no way to tell what this skill may touch
5 
6# Turborepo Caching
7 
8Production patterns for Turborepo build optimization.
9 
10## When to Use This Skill
11 
12- Setting up new Turborepo projects
13- Configuring build pipelines
14- Implementing remote caching
15- Optimizing CI/CD performance
16- Migrating from other monorepo tools
17- Debugging cache misses
18 
19## Core Concepts
20 
21### 1. Turborepo Architecture
22 
23```
24Workspace Root/
25├── apps/
26│ ├── web/
27│ │ └── package.json
28│ └── docs/
29│ └── package.json
30├── packages/
31│ ├── ui/
32│ │ └── package.json
33│ └── config/
34│ └── package.json
35├── turbo.json
36└── package.json
37```
38 
39### 2. Pipeline Concepts
40 
41| Concept | Description |
42| -------------- | -------------------------------- |
43| **dependsOn** | Tasks that must complete first |
44| **cache** | Whether to cache outputs |
45| **outputs** | Files to cache |
46| **inputs** | Files that affect cache key |
47| **persistent** | Long-running tasks (dev servers) |
48 
49## Templates
50 
51### Template 1: turbo.json Configuration
52 
53```json
54{
55 "$schema": "https://turbo.build/schema.json",A2 — Sends to turbo.build — outside the allowlist, and this file also reads environment variables or keys
56 "globalDependencies": [".env", ".env.local"],
57 "globalEnv": ["NODE_ENV", "VERCEL_URL"],
58 "pipeline": {
59 "build": {
60 "dependsOn": ["^build"],
61 "outputs": ["dist/**", ".next/**", "!.next/cache/**"],
62 "env": ["API_URL", "NEXT_PUBLIC_*"]
63 },
64 "test": {
65 "dependsOn": ["build"],
66 "outputs": ["coverage/**"],
67 "inputs": ["src/**/*.tsx", "src/**/*.ts", "test/**/*.ts"]
68 },
69 "lint": {
70 "outputs": [],
71 "cache": true
72 },
73 "typecheck": {
74 "dependsOn": ["^build"],
75 "outputs": []
76 },
77 "dev": {
78 "cache": false,
79 "persistent": true
80 },
81 "clean": {
82 "cache": false
83 }
84 }
85}
86```
87 
88### Template 2: Package-Specific Pipeline
89 
90```json
91// apps/web/turbo.json
92{
93 "$schema": "https://turbo.build/schema.json",
94 "extends": ["//"],
95 "pipeline": {
96 "build": {
97 "outputs": [".next/**", "!.next/cache/**"],
98 "env": ["NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL", "NEXT_PUBLIC_ANALYTICS_ID"]
99 },
100 "test": {
101 "outputs": ["coverage/**"],
102 "inputs": ["src/**", "tests/**", "jest.config.js"]
103 }
104 }
105}
106```
107 
108### Template 3: Remote Caching with Vercel
109 
110```bash
111# Login to Vercel
112npx turbo login
113 
114# Link to Vercel project
115npx turbo link
116 
117# Run with remote cache
118turbo build --remote-only
119 
120# CI environment variables
121TURBO_TOKEN=your-token
122TURBO_TEAM=your-team
123```
124 
125```yaml
126# .github/workflows/ci.yml
127name: CI
128 
129on:
130 push:
131 branches: [main]
132 pull_request:
133 
134env:
135 TURBO_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.TURBO_TOKEN }}
136 TURBO_TEAM: ${{ vars.TURBO_TEAM }}
137 
138jobs:
139 build:
140 runs-on: ubuntu-latest
141 steps:
142 - uses: actions/checkout@v4
143 
144 - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
145 with:
146 node-version: 20
147 cache: "npm"
148 
149 - name: Install dependencies
150 run: npm ci
151 
152 - name: Build
153 run: npx turbo build --filter='...[origin/main]'
154 
155 - name: Test
156 run: npx turbo test --filter='...[origin/main]'
157```
158 
159### Template 4: Self-Hosted Remote Cache
160 
161```typescript
162// Custom remote cache server (Express)
163import express from "express";
164import { createReadStream, createWriteStream } from "fs";
165import { mkdir } from "fs/promises";
166import { join } from "path";
167 
168const app = express();
169const CACHE_DIR = "./cache";
170 
171// Get artifact
172app.get("/v8/artifacts/:hash", async (req, res) => {
173 const { hash } = req.params;
174 const team = req.query.teamId || "default";
175 const filePath = join(CACHE_DIR, team, hash);
176 
177 try {
178 const stream = createReadStream(filePath);
179 stream.pipe(res);
180 } catch {
181 res.status(404).send("Not found");
182 }
183});
184 
185// Put artifact
186app.put("/v8/artifacts/:hash", async (req, res) => {
187 const { hash } = req.params;
188 const team = req.query.teamId || "default";
189 const dir = join(CACHE_DIR, team);
190 const filePath = join(dir, hash);
191 
192 await mkdir(dir, { recursive: true });
193 
194 const stream = createWriteStream(filePath);
195 req.pipe(stream);
196 
197 stream.on("finish", () => {
198 res.json({
199 urls: [`${req.protocol}://${req.get("host")}/v8/artifacts/${hash}`],
200 });
201 });
202});
203 
204// Check artifact exists
205app.head("/v8/artifacts/:hash", async (req, res) => {
206 const { hash } = req.params;
207 const team = req.query.teamId || "default";
208 const filePath = join(CACHE_DIR, team, hash);
209 
210 try {
211 await fs.access(filePath);
212 res.status(200).end();
213 } catch {
214 res.status(404).end();
215 }
216});
217 
218app.listen(3000);
219```
220 
221```json
222// turbo.json for self-hosted cache
223{
224 "remoteCache": {
225 "signature": false
226 }
227}
228```
229 
230```bash
231# Use self-hosted cache
232turbo build --api="http://localhost:3000" --token="my-token" --team="my-team"
233```
234 
235### Template 5: Filtering and Scoping
236 
237```bash
238# Build specific package
239turbo build --filter=@myorg/web
240 
241# Build package and its dependencies
242turbo build --filter=@myorg/web...
243 
244# Build package and its dependents
245turbo build --filter=...@myorg/ui
246 
247# Build changed packages since main
248turbo build --filter='...[origin/main]'
249 
250# Build packages in directory
251turbo build --filter='./apps/*'
252 
253# Combine filters
254turbo build --filter=@myorg/web --filter=@myorg/docs
255 
256# Exclude package
257turbo build --filter='!@myorg/docs'
258 
259# Include dependencies of changed
260turbo build --filter='...[HEAD^1]...'
261```
262 
263### Template 6: Advanced Pipeline Configuration
264 
265```json
266{
267 "$schema": "https://turbo.build/schema.json",
268 "pipeline": {
269 "build": {
270 "dependsOn": ["^build"],
271 "outputs": ["dist/**"],
272 "inputs": ["$TURBO_DEFAULT$", "!**/*.md", "!**/*.test.*"]
273 },
274 "test": {
275 "dependsOn": ["^build"],
276 "outputs": ["coverage/**"],
277 "inputs": ["src/**", "tests/**", "*.config.*"],
278 "env": ["CI", "NODE_ENV"]
279 },
280 "test:e2e": {
281 "dependsOn": ["build"],
282 "outputs": [],
283 "cache": false
284 },
285 "deploy": {
286 "dependsOn": ["build", "test", "lint"],
287 "outputs": [],
288 "cache": false
289 },
290 "db:generate": {
291 "cache": false
292 },
293 "db:push": {
294 "cache": false,
295 "dependsOn": ["db:generate"]
296 },
297 "@myorg/web#build": {
298 "dependsOn": ["^build", "@myorg/db#db:generate"],
299 "outputs": [".next/**"],
300 "env": ["NEXT_PUBLIC_*"]
301 }
302 }
303}
304```
305 
306### Template 7: Root package.json Setup
307 
308```json
309{
310 "name": "my-turborepo",
311 "private": true,
312 "workspaces": ["apps/*", "packages/*"],
313 "scripts": {
314 "build": "turbo build",
315 "dev": "turbo dev",
316 "lint": "turbo lint",
317 "test": "turbo test",
318 "clean": "turbo clean && rm -rf node_modules",
319 "format": "prettier --write \"**/*.{ts,tsx,md}\"",
320 "changeset": "changeset",
321 "version-packages": "changeset version",
322 "release": "turbo build --filter=./packages/* && changeset publish"
323 },
324 "devDependencies": {
325 "turbo": "^1.10.0",
326 "prettier": "^3.0.0",
327 "@changesets/cli": "^2.26.0"
328 },
329 "packageManager": "[email protected]"
330}
331```
332 
333## Debugging Cache
334 
335```bash
336# Dry run to see what would run
337turbo build --dry-run
338 
339# Verbose output with hashes
340turbo build --verbosity=2
341 
342# Show task graph
343turbo build --graph
344 
345# Force no cache
346turbo build --force
347 
348# Show cache status
349turbo build --summarize
350 
351# Debug specific task
352TURBO_LOG_VERBOSITY=debug turbo build --filter=@myorg/web
353```
354 
355## Best Practices
356 
357### Do's
358 
359- **Define explicit inputs** - Avoid cache invalidation
360- **Use workspace protocol** - `"@myorg/ui": "workspace:*"`
361- **Enable remote caching** - Share across CI and local
362- **Filter in CI** - Build only affected packages
363- **Cache build outputs** - Not source files
364 
365### Don'ts
366 
367- **Don't cache dev servers** - Use `persistent: true`
368- **Don't include secrets in env** - Use runtime env vars
369- **Don't ignore dependsOn** - Causes race conditions
370- **Don't over-filter** - May miss dependencies
371 

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