Incident Runbook Templates
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Create structured incident response runbooks with step-by-step procedures, escalation paths, and recovery actions. Use this skill when building a service outage runbook for a payment processing system; creating database incident procedures covering connection pool exhaustion, replication lag, and disk space alerts; onboarding new on-call engineers who need step-by-step recovery guides written for a 3 AM brain; or standardizing escalation matrices across multiple engineering teams.
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Frontmatter — 2 properties
| name | incident-runbook-templates |
|---|---|
| description | Create structured incident response runbooks with step-by-step procedures, escalation paths, and recovery actions. Use this skill when building a service outage runbook for a payment processing system; creating database incident procedures covering connection pool exhaustion, replication lag, and disk space alerts; onboarding new on-call engineers who need step-by-step recovery guides written for a 3 AM brain; or standardizing escalation matrices across multiple engineering teams. |
| 1 | --- |
| 2 | name: incident-runbook-templates |
| 3 | description: Create structured incident response runbooks with step-by-step procedures, escalation paths, and recovery actions. Use this skill when building a service outage runbook for a payment processing system; creating database incident procedures covering connection pool exhaustion, replication lag, and disk space alerts; onboarding new on-call engineers who need step-by-step recovery guides written for a 3 AM brain; or standardizing escalation matrices across multiple engineering teams. |
| 4 | ---A5 — No allowed-tools declared — no way to tell what this skill may touch |
| 5 | |
| 6 | # Incident Runbook Templates |
| 7 | |
| 8 | Production-ready templates for incident response runbooks covering detection, triage, mitigation, resolution, and communication. |
| 9 | |
| 10 | ## When to Use This Skill |
| 11 | |
| 12 | - Creating incident response procedures |
| 13 | - Building service-specific runbooks |
| 14 | - Establishing escalation paths |
| 15 | - Documenting recovery procedures |
| 16 | - Responding to active incidents |
| 17 | - Onboarding on-call engineers |
| 18 | |
| 19 | ## Core Concepts |
| 20 | |
| 21 | ### 1. Incident Severity Levels |
| 22 | |
| 23 | | Severity | Impact | Response Time | Example | |
| 24 | | -------- | -------------------------- | ----------------- | ----------------------- | |
| 25 | | **SEV1** | Complete outage, data loss | 15 min | Production down | |
| 26 | | **SEV2** | Major degradation | 30 min | Critical feature broken | |
| 27 | | **SEV3** | Minor impact | 2 hours | Non-critical bug | |
| 28 | | **SEV4** | Minimal impact | Next business day | Cosmetic issue | |
| 29 | |
| 30 | ### 2. Runbook Structure |
| 31 | |
| 32 | ``` |
| 33 | 1. Overview & Impact |
| 34 | 2. Detection & Alerts |
| 35 | 3. Initial Triage |
| 36 | 4. Mitigation Steps |
| 37 | 5. Root Cause Investigation |
| 38 | 6. Resolution Procedures |
| 39 | 7. Verification & Rollback |
| 40 | 8. Communication Templates |
| 41 | 9. Escalation Matrix |
| 42 | ``` |
| 43 | |
| 44 | ## Detailed patterns and worked examples |
| 45 | |
| 46 | Detailed pattern documentation lives in `references/details.md`. Read that file when the navigation tier above is insufficient. |
| 47 | |
| 48 | ## Best Practices |
| 49 | |
| 50 | ### Do's |
| 51 | - **Keep runbooks updated** - Review after every incident |
| 52 | - **Test runbooks regularly** - Game days, chaos engineering |
| 53 | - **Include rollback steps** - Always have an escape hatch |
| 54 | - **Document assumptions** - What must be true for steps to work |
| 55 | - **Link to dashboards** - Quick access during stress |
| 56 | |
| 57 | ### Don'ts |
| 58 | - **Don't assume knowledge** - Write for 3 AM brain |
| 59 | - **Don't skip verification** - Confirm each step worked |
| 60 | - **Don't forget communication** - Keep stakeholders informed |
| 61 | - **Don't work alone** - Escalate early |
| 62 | - **Don't skip postmortems** - Learn from every incident |
| 63 | |
| 64 | ## Troubleshooting |
| 65 | |
| 66 | ### Runbook steps work in staging but fail during a real incident |
| 67 | |
| 68 | Steps often assume preconditions that are true in a healthy environment but not during an outage. For each command in your runbook, add a prerequisite check and a "what to do if this command fails" note: |
| 69 | |
| 70 | ```bash |
| 71 | # Step: Check pod status |
| 72 | kubectl get pods -n payments |
| 73 | |
| 74 | # Prerequisites: kubectl configured, kubeconfig points to correct cluster |
| 75 | # If this fails: run `aws eks update-kubeconfig --name prod-cluster --region us-east-1` |
| 76 | # Expected output: pods in Running state |
| 77 | ``` |
| 78 | |
| 79 | ### On-call engineer panics and skips steps out of order |
| 80 | |
| 81 | Add a numbered checklist at the top of the runbook that mirrors the section numbers, so responders can track progress under stress without reading the full document: |
| 82 | |
| 83 | ```markdown |
| 84 | ## Quick Checklist |
| 85 | - [ ] 1. Declare incident severity and open war room |
| 86 | - [ ] 2. Check service health (Section 4.1) |
| 87 | - [ ] 3. Check recent deployments (Section 4.1) |
| 88 | - [ ] 4. Roll back if deploy is suspect (Section 4.1) |
| 89 | - [ ] 5. Post initial notification to #payments-incidents |
| 90 | - [ ] 6. Escalate if > 15 min unresolved |
| 91 | ``` |
| 92 | |
| 93 | ### Runbook is outdated — commands reference old cluster names or endpoints |
| 94 | |
| 95 | Runbooks rot because they're updated manually. Include a "Last Verified" date and owner at the top, and add a CI check that validates all `curl` endpoints and `kubectl` context names are still valid:A4 — This skill pulls in web or user content but never says to treat that content as data. A signal, not proof. |
| 96 | |
| 97 | ```markdown |
| 98 | ## Runbook Metadata |
| 99 | | Field | Value | |
| 100 | |---|---| |
| 101 | | Last verified | 2024-11-15 | |
| 102 | | Owner | @platform-team | |
| 103 | | Review cadence | After every SEV1/SEV2 | |
| 104 | ``` |
| 105 | |
| 106 | ### Stakeholder communication is delayed while engineers are heads-down |
| 107 | |
| 108 | Assign a dedicated incident communicator role (separate from the incident commander) whose only job is to post status updates. Add a standing agenda in the communication template: |
| 109 | |
| 110 | ``` |
| 111 | Update every 15 minutes (even if no new information): |
| 112 | - Current status (Investigating / Mitigating / Monitoring) |
| 113 | - Impact (what is broken, who is affected, % of traffic) |
| 114 | - What we are doing right now |
| 115 | - Next update in: 15 minutes |
| 116 | ``` |
| 117 | |
| 118 | ### Database runbook commands cause additional downtime when run incorrectly |
| 119 | |
| 120 | Add explicit warnings before destructive SQL commands and require a dry-run output check before executing: |
| 121 | |
| 122 | ```sql |
| 123 | -- WARNING: This terminates active connections. Verify count first. |
| 124 | -- DRY RUN (check count before terminating): |
| 125 | SELECT count(*) FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE state = 'idle' AND query_start < now() - interval '10 minutes'; |
| 126 | |
| 127 | -- EXECUTE only after verifying count is reasonable (< 50): |
| 128 | SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pid) FROM pg_stat_activity |
| 129 | WHERE state = 'idle' AND query_start < now() - interval '10 minutes'; |
| 130 | ``` |
| 131 | |
| 132 | ## Related Skills |
| 133 | |
| 134 | - `postmortem-writing` - After resolving an incident, use postmortem templates to capture root cause and preventive actions |
| 135 | - `on-call-handoff-patterns` - Structure shift handoffs so the incoming responder has full context on active incidents |
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